South of the Niagara Escarpment is the Fonthill Sandhill Valley, a non-escarpment feature that extends through the Fonthill Kame and into the Short Hills.  The feature is made of a series of ridges and valleys that are up to 30 m deep. The Fonthill Sandhill Valley is covered by Carolinian forest rich in plant biodiversity.  In the lower regions of the valley are swamps and meadow marshlands. Mixed wood forests occupy the higher regions.